As tax season approaches, individuals must ensure they have all necessary documentation in order. A valid government-issued identification (ID) is a critical component of the tax filing process, helping to prevent delays and complications.
Significance of ID in Tax Submissions
A government-issued ID is vital for verifying a taxpayer’s identity, serving as a safeguard against identity theft and fraudulent filings. The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) uses this identification to confirm that the person filing the return is the rightful taxpayer. Matching the ID with the taxpayer’s Social Security Number (SSN) or Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN) ensures accuracy in tax records. Additionally, the IRS’s Identity Protection PIN (IP PIN) program, which provides added security for victims of identity theft, requires a valid ID for participation. 1Internal Revenue Service. Get an Identity Protection PIN
For those filing electronically, a valid ID plays a pivotal role in authentication. To sign and validate an IRS e-filed return, you use your prior-year adjusted gross income (AGI) or Self‑Select PIN—or your IP PIN if you have one. 2Internal Revenue Service. Validating Your Electronically Filed Tax Return If a return is rejected close to the deadline, the IRS allows a short perfection window: generally five calendar days after the due date to correct and retransmit, or you may mail a paper return within 10 calendar days of the IRS rejection notice and still be treated as timely. 3Internal Revenue Service. 3.42.5 IRS e-file of Individual Income Tax Returns
Acceptable Government-Issued IDs
Taxpayers can use several forms of government-issued identification to authenticate their identity during the tax filing process.
Driver’s License
A driver’s license is one of the most commonly accepted forms of ID. Issued by state governments, it includes key personal details such as a photograph and signature. The Real ID Act has enhanced the security of driver’s licenses, making them a reliable option for tax purposes. However, it is crucial to ensure the license is current, as an expired license may be rejected by electronic filing systems or tax preparers. Any discrepancies between the license information and the tax return, such as an outdated address, could result in processing delays.
State Identification Card
State ID cards are an alternative for individuals who do not have a driver’s license, such as non-drivers, the elderly, or those with disabilities. Like driver’s licenses, these cards are issued by state governments and contain similar personal details. Taxpayers should confirm that their state ID is valid and up-to-date to avoid issues during tax filing.
Passport
A passport, issued by the federal government, is another widely accepted form of ID. It is especially useful for individuals living abroad or those who frequently travel. For U.S. citizens residing overseas, a passport may be the most practical identification for filing taxes with the IRS. As with other forms of ID, ensuring the passport is unexpired is essential, as expired passports may not be accepted for electronic filing.
Filing With an Expired ID
Filing taxes with an expired ID can be challenging, but there are ways to navigate the process. You can generally file a federal return even if your driver’s license or state ID is expired, because the IRS e-file signature process relies on your prior‑year AGI or Self‑Select PIN—or your IP PIN if you have one. 4Internal Revenue Service. Validating Your Electronically Filed Tax Return If the IRS flags your return for identity verification and schedules you for an in‑person appointment, you will be asked to bring a valid government‑issued photo ID (for example, a driver’s license, state ID, or passport). 5Internal Revenue Service. Understanding Your Letter 5747C
Other supporting documents, such as utility bills, bank statements, or employer records, may also assist in verifying identity. These can provide additional evidence if the IRS requests further information.
Verifying Identity Without a Valid ID
If a valid ID is unavailable, alternative methods can be used to verify identity. Many taxpayers can strengthen e‑file authentication by opting into the IRS IP PIN program; once issued, the six‑digit IP PIN must be entered on electronic and paper returns and is used by the IRS to confirm your identity. 6Internal Revenue Service. Get an Identity Protection PIN
Alternatively, taxpayers can appoint an authorized representative, such as a tax professional or attorney, to handle their tax matters. By submitting Form 2848, Power of Attorney and Declaration of Representative, the representative can interact with the IRS on the taxpayer’s behalf. 7Internal Revenue Service. About Form 2848, Power of Attorney and Declaration of Representative
Renewing or Replacing Documentation
Renewing or replacing expired IDs is a straightforward process but requires attention to timelines and requirements to avoid delays. State motor vehicle departments (DMVs) manage the renewal of driver’s licenses and state IDs. Many states offer online renewal services, though some may require an in-person visit, along with proof of residency, updated personal information, or a vision test. For Real ID-compliant licenses, additional documentation may be necessary.
Passports are renewed through the U.S. Department of State. If the current passport meets specific criteria, such as being undamaged and issued within the last 15 years, renewal can often be completed by mail. Applicants must submit the appropriate forms, a recent photograph, and applicable fees. Expedited processing is available for an additional fee. Keeping identification current not only simplifies tax filing but also ensures readiness for travel or other official purposes.